Combination hot-water and hot-air furnace



W A. GABRIEL COMBINATION HOT WATER AND HOT AIR FURNACE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed Dec. 20, 1926 4 J .n. w it lg, A7 HM 7 10 1927. 1,628,459 May A.GABRIEL.

COMBINATION HOT WATER AND HOT AIR FURNACE Filed Dec. 20. 1926 3Sheets-Sheet 2 May 10, 1927. 1,628,459

A. GABRIEL COMBINATION HOT WATER AND HOT AIR FURNACE Filed Dec. 0, 1926I5 Sheats-Sheot Z5 ir/y Patented May 10, 1927.

UETE

iszasa ANTON GABRIEL, OF EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA.

COMBINATION HOT-WATER AND HOT-AIR FURNACE.

Application filed December 20, 1926.

My invention relates to furnaces for use as part of the heating systemsof buildings. Generally speaking, one of the main objects of myinvention is that of providing an unusually eliicient, durable andeasily cleaned furnace designed for simultaneously heating the water fora hot water radiator system and heating air for a hot air heatingsystem.

Furthermore, my invention provides a furnace for this two-fold purposein which the pipes for the hot water are disposed in the hottest part ofthe furnace, while the air for the hot air heating system is warmed bythe gases after they have passed the said hot water pipes; and in whichwater for consumption in sinks, wash stands and the like can also beheated by the hottest part of the furnace.

More particularly, my invention provides a furnace in which the waterpipes are effectively subjected to the heat in the combustion chamberwithout being in the way of the fueling, and in which the products ofcombustion traverse relatively long smoke tubes in passing from thecombustion chamber to the chimney, so as to have a prolonged effect onair in a hot air chamber in which these smoke tubes are disposed. Italso provides a construction for this purpose in which the smoke tubesare inclined to enhance the draft through them and are arranged topermit soot easily to be raked out of them.

In some further aspects, my invention provides a simple and efiectivearrangement for moistening the air within the hot air chamber so as tohumidify the air supplied to the hot air heating system, and provides afurnace construction which will subject the hot air chamber to heat fora considerable period of time after the fire has died down. Moreover, myinvention provides a furnace for such composite purposes designed sothat it can be built in a compact form, so that its heating effect canreadily be proportioned to the relative amounts of hot water heat andhot air heat suitable for residences as well as other types ofbuildings, and so as to supply running hot water also.

Still further and also more detailed objects will appear from thefollowing specification and from the accompanying drawings, in whichFig. 1 is a central, vertical and longitu- Serial No. 155,826.

ing the arrangement of one of the airmoistening pipes.

In the illustrated embodiment of my invention, the bottom 1 of thecombustion chamber 2 is connected near its forward end to the ashpit 3by an opening which is bordered by a grate-supporting frame 4, and agrate 5 is detachably seated on this frame. The arched top 6 of thecombustion chamber terminates forwardly of the rear wall 7 of thischamber, and the part of the combustion chamber extending rearwardly ofthe arched top 6 is of an increased height so as to afford a connectionbetween the rear end of this chamber and the rear ends of the lowersmoke ducts 8. These smoke ducts slope upwards forwardly, as shown inFig. 1 and open into a clean-out chamber 9 which is built into the frontwall 10 of the furnace and which is closed at its front by a door 11.Upper smoke tubes 12 extend rearwardly from this clean-out chamber andopen into a flue pipe 13 which leads to the usual smoke stack, thelatter not being shown in the drawings. These upper smoke tubes slopeupward rearwardly and the flue pipe 13 preferably also slopes upward atabout the same angle as these smoke tubes, so that soot can readily beraked out of both by a tool inserted through the clean-out chamber 9,while soot in the lower smoke ducts 8 can similarly be raked down intothe rear end of the combustion chamber.

Extending through the combustion chamber along the opposite sides andtop of this chamber are two sets of hot water pipes 1 each of which setsleads from an inlet pipe 15 in front of the furnace (Fig. 3) andterminates in an outlet pipe portion 14 extending through the rear wall7 of the furnace. The hot water piping at each side of the combustionchamber is desirably built as a till 'chainber connected coil such asthe left-hand one shown separately in Fig. it with the inlet end il-t atthe bottom and the outlet portion let at the top. li ith each halt oithe hot. water piping" thus constructed as a unitary coil, each suchcoil can easily be inserted as a unit into the combustion chamher beforeattachingthe frontal lame to in which the lire box door 17 is mounted.

To meet. the usual need of a supply of running hot water for wash basinssinks and the like. I also provide a so): rate water pipe 18 which isdesirably disposed between the two hot water coils 17 and which mayconsist of a single pipe sloping up\ and from the front to the rear ofthe furnace, as shown in Fig. l.

Since both the hot water coils it (which are connected in the usualmanner to suitably distriouted radiate and the hot water supply pipe 18are disposed right in the c inbustion chamber and are subjected to theheat: of the llanies and hot gases tor substantially the entire lengthojt' these pipes, ll secure a highly ell'ect ire heating of the water inthe said pipes. ll hen utilize a large Share of the h at remaining; inthe combustion gases by eirculatiiinair around the smoke ducts b and1:2. For the latter purpose, my drawings show a pair o't air inlet pipes19, racb controlled by a damper 2t) and arch leading downward to apassage Qt at one side or. the air heating chamber 22 in which the saidsmoke ducts S and 12 are disposed. The inlet passages 12L preitn'ablyextend down close to the rear end of the lower smoke ducts t so an. toadmit the cool air near the rear end at the air heating chamber oradjacent to the hottest parts of the lower smoke ducts. but the airinlet passage may extend considerably forward so as to be connected tothe air hea'ine' chamber by a large number of air pas 42s as shown inPie. 1. lhen I provide at least one hot air outlet for the air heatingchanr ber such as the outlet: i l oil Fig: l and 2, which is preteri bydisposed nee r the terward end of the "l chamber and which is connectedin the usual manner to hot air registers in the lmilding which to beheated by my furnace.

To reduce the amount of hot air heating; required for these registers, Ipreferably also humidity the air while h ating: it in the For thatpurpose l. am showing a water tanlt 95 mounted on the exterior of oneside of my l'uri ace and connected by an inlet pipe it? to the middle ofa horizontal pipe 27 which extends horizontally alone the bottom of tieair heating chamber llach end of the horizontal pipe 97 is connected toa riser pipe 28 which terminates below the top of the said chamber sothat the water raporixed in this piping by the heat in the chamber willbe distributed through the hot air by the draft in this chamber.

lly suitably proptn'tiioning the Various parts ol my iturnace. t canreadily adapt: this to some dill'ercnces in the proportion of theheating ell'ected respectively through hot: water radiators and througrhhot air reg; islets, my drawings bent; made from a furnace which 1 havefound quite ellicient in supplying about two-thirds ot' the heat for abuilding: through but water radiators and the remaining one-third bymeans ot hot air registers. idoreorer, ll hare found that with the arrangtunent here described, the heating ellect will be maintained equally bythe hot water radiators and by the hot air registers when the conditionof the lire varies. tor these reasons:

its long as a hotlire is maintained, the coils it are subjected to itand the smoke tubes are corresprualiugly heated so as to warm the airfor the re; aters. When the tire is banked, the high specific ueati oithe water in the radators noses these radiators to remain warm for aconsiderable length oi time thus melting: them much more etl'ecthe witha low or banked lire than st aim -adiators would be. At the some time,the walls of both the combustion chamber and the air heating chamberalso gn'zulual'y give out the h lat which "as stored in them. o that thewalls oli thi air heating chander directly warm air in it .lor aconsiderable time and the walls ol? the combustion chamber have the sameellect by giving out heat which warms the air through the smoke tubes.In practice, I desirably enhance this heat storine ctl'eet of myturn-ace rails by using a suitable filling, such as a mixture ofpulverized sand and glass (shown at t lt) in Fig. for portions ot themand particular y tor the wall between the combustion chamber and the airheating chamber. tlwinu' to the ell'ectii'e use of such heat; storingand to my utilizing at large proportion ol the heat which is sent up thesmoke stuck b the 'l'urmices or boilers, usually employed :l'or tit ltt's tieam or hof water radiators, my combination but wat er and hot air :lnrnace etl'ects a larcje sariue; in fuel over that: which would beretplired tor the same. amount: o't heating by the separate hot ater,steam. or hot air Furnaces now in use. illorcorer, since my lurnace alsos :pplies running hot w: ter "tor the us. :i n eds. it allords 1 singleand easily tired unit for furnishing this hot water while a'so economic:lly heatin; buildings of widely varying typeS.

ll owerer no uuuaual attendance or special shill is required to securethis, as even a novice can quickly learn how to care for my iur iace.liloreorer. l may provide autoinatic control attachments such a draft;regulator connected by a chain 31 to the ash-pit door 32 of Fig. 3, itbeing unnecessary to picture or describe any such regulators as theirconstruction and operation is so widely known. Ialso desirably provideauxiliary air inets leading to the upper part of the combustion chamberand controlled by pivoted air doors 33, so as to furnish the added airneeded for burning fresh fuel to avoid smoke.

However, I do not wish to be limited to these auxiliary provisions norto the details of the construction and arrangement as above described,since many changes might be made without departing either from thespirit of my invention or from the appended claims. For example, byremoving the grate 5 and supporting an oil burner in the ashpit, myfurnace is equally suitable for use with oil as fuel.

I claim as my invention:

1. A combination hot water and hot air furnace, comprising a firebox, ahot air chamber disposed above the fire box, a smoke duct extending fromthe rear end of the fire box through the hot air chamber,

.w and water piping extending through the fire box, the hot air chamberbeing separated from the fire box by a partition having a filling ofheat-storing material.

2. A combination hot water and hot air furnace, comprising a fire box, ahot air chamber disposed above the fire box, a chimney behind the hotair chamber, a clean-out chamber in front of the hot air chamber, asmoke pipe leading from the rear end of the fire box to the clean-outchamber and sloping upward forwardly, a second smoke pipe leading fromthe clean-out chamber to the chimney and sloping rearwardly upward, andwater piping extending through the hot air chamber at opposite sides ofthe smoke pipes.

3. A combination hot water and hot air furnace, comprising a fire box, ahot air chamber disposed above the firebox, and terminating forwardly ofthe rear end of the tire box, the fire box having its rear portionextending upwardly behind the lower part of the hot air chamber, a smokeduct sloping upwardly forward and extending within the hot air chamberfrom the rear portion of the fire box throughout the length of the hotair chamber, a second smoke duct disposed above the first named smokeduct and com nected at its forwardend to the latter, the second smokeduct sloping upward rearwardly and extending for the full length of thehot air chamber, and water piping extending through the fire box.

f. A combination hot water and hot air furnace, comprising a firebox, ahot air chamber disposed above the firebox, a smoke duct extending fromthe rear end of the firebox through the hot air chamber; and waterpiping extending through the firebox; the said piping comprisingseparate coil units each extending along one side of the fire box andalong the adjacent lateral half of the top of the firebox.

5. A combination hot water and hot air furnace, comprising a firebox, ahot air chamber disposed above the firebox, a smoke duct extending fromthe rear end of the firebox through the hot air chamber; and Waterpiping extending through the firebox; the said piping comprisingseparate coil units each extending along one side of the firebox andalong the adjacent lateral half of the top of the firebox, and aseparate water pipe extending longitudinally of the furnace through theupper part of the firebox between the said coil units and slopingupwardly from one end of the firebox to the other.

6. A furnace comprising a fire box, a hot air chamber of correspondingwidth disposed above the fire box, air inlet ducts dis posed at oppositesides of the hot air chamber and connected to the air chamber near itsbottom, and an air outlet at the top of the air chamber.

7 A furnace comprising a fire box having an arched top wall, a hot airchamber having a flat bottom above and partly spaced from the saidarched wall, and a filling of heat-storing material between the saidwalls.

8. A furnace as per claim 7, in which both of the said walls extendlaterally beyond the fire box, air inlet ducts disposed at oppositesides of the hot air chamber above parts of the said filling, inletconnections between the bottoms of the said ducts and the hot airchamber, and an air outlet duct leading from the top of the hot airchamber.

9. A furnace comprising a fire box, a hot air chamber of correspondingwidth disposed above the fire box, air inlet ducts disposed at oppositesides of the hot air chamber and connected to the air chamber near itsbottom, and an air outlet at the top of the air chamber, and airmoistening means including piping extending through one of the air inletducts and opening upwardly within the hot air chamber.

10. A furnace as per claim 9, in which the said piping includes a pipeportion extending longitudinally of the hot air chamber within the lowerpart of that chamber and risers pipe portions respectively at the endsof the aforesaid pipe portion.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, December 4th,

ANTON GABRIEL.

